Node.js 性能优化实战指南

1. 使用集群模式

const cluster = require("cluster");
const os = require("os");

if (cluster.isMaster) {
  const cpus = os.cpus().length;
  for (let i = 0; i < cpus; i++) {
    cluster.fork();
  }
} else {
  require("./app");
}

2. 启用 gzip 压缩

const compression = require("compression");
app.use(compression());

3. 数据库连接池

const pool = mysql.createPool({
  connectionLimit: 10,
  host: "localhost",
  user: "root",
  password: "password",
  database: "mydb"
});

4. 缓存热点数据

const NodeCache = require("node-cache");
const cache = new NodeCache({ stdTTL: 600 });

function getData(key) {
  const cached = cache.get(key);
  if (cached) return cached;
  // 查询数据库并缓存
}

5. 使用流处理大文件

const readStream = fs.createReadStream("large.txt");
const writeStream = fs.createWriteStream("output.txt");
readStream.pipe(writeStream);

6. 监控与调优

• 使用 clinic.js 诊断性能问题
• 监控事件循环延迟
• 分析内存泄漏